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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Single-molecule FRET ： ウィキペディア英語版 Single-molecule FRET Single molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (or smFRET) is a biophysical technique used to measure distances at the 1-10 nanometer scale in single molecules, typically biomolecules. It is an application of FRET wherein a single donor and acceptor FRET pairs are excited and detected. ==Methodology== Single molecule FRET measurements are typically performed on fluorescence microscopes, either using wide field or confocal geometries. Single FRET pairs are illuminated using intense light sources, typically lasers, in order to generate sufficient fluorescence signal to enable single molecule detection. Wide field microscopy is typically combined with TIR illumination. This selectively excites FRET pairs on the surface of the measurement chamber and rejects noise from the bulk of the sample. Confocal microscopy minimizes background by focusing the fluorescence light onto a pinhole to reject out of focus light. The confocal volume has a diameter of around 220 nm, and therefore it must be scanned across the sample in order to generate an image. However, it is possible to measure much deeper into the sample than when using TIR. Fluorescence signal is detected either using ultra sensitive CCD or CMOS cameras for wide field microscopy or avalanche photodiodes for confocal microscopy. Data collection with cameras will produce movies of the specimen which must be processed to derive the single molecule intensities with time, while photodiodes can produce measurements of intensity vs. time directly. Once the single molecule intensities vs. time are available the FRET efficiency can be computed for each FRET pair as a function of time and thereby it is possible to follow kinetic events on the single molecule scale and to build FRET histograms showing the distribution of states in each molecule. However, data from many FRET pairs must be recorded and combined in order to obtain general information about a sample.〔Ha T, Enderle T, Ogletree DF, Chemla DS, Selvin PR, Weiss S (June 1996). "Probing the interaction between two single molecules: fluorescence resonance energy transfer between a single donor and a single acceptor". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93 (13): 6264–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.13.6264. PMC 39010. PMID 8692803.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Single-molecule FRET」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.